What does Orem consider health to be?

Orem, in her self-care theory, defines health as a state characterized by the soundness of human structures and functioning. This perspective emphasizes the importance of physical, mental, and social well-being as integral components of health. In her model, health is not merely the absence of disease or illness; instead, it relates to the ability to perform self-care activities, highlighting individual capacity and the dynamic equilibrium of achieving optimal health through adaptability and functioning.

The notion of soundness in human structures refers to the physical and psychological aspects, indicating that health involves a holistic approach, including the body and mind's ability to function effectively. This definition aligns with Orem's emphasis on promoting self-care to maintain and improve health, suggesting that individuals must understand and engage in practices that support their well-being.

The other options present different perspectives that do not align with Orem's concepts. For example, viewing health as a static condition contradicts Orem’s belief in the importance of adaptability and ongoing self-management. Moreover, defining health solely as a state of illness highlights a negative focus rather than an affirmative state of being, failing to capture Orem's holistic vision. Lastly, the concept of health being a dynamic balance of environmental factors, while relevant in some health models,