What do the concepts of internal and external stressors refer to in Erickson, Tomlin, and Swain's framework?

In the framework developed by Erickson, Tomlin, and Swain, the concepts of internal and external stressors encompass a broad range of factors that can affect an individual's health and wellbeing. Internal stressors refer to the psychological or physiological factors that originate within the person, such as emotions, thoughts, personal beliefs, or health conditions that can contribute to stress. On the other hand, external stressors are those that come from the environment or outside influences, such as social situations, economic pressures, or physical surroundings.

The integration of both internal and external factors highlights the complexity of how individuals experience stress. Recognizing this interplay is crucial for nurses and healthcare professionals, as it allows them to understand a patient’s situation more holistically. This understanding can guide targeted interventions that address both the internal and external sources of stress, ultimately promoting better health outcomes. Thus, the comprehensive consideration of both internal and external elements clarifies how various stressors contribute to an individual's overall experience and challenges in the context of nursing practice.