According to Pender, the primary focus of the health promotion model is which of the following?

The health promotion model developed by Nola Pender emphasizes the individual as the central focus of health-related behaviors and decisions. It posits that people's behavior is influenced by their perceptions, motivations, and personal experiences regarding health. Pender's model suggests that to effectively promote health, one must consider not only the individual's current health status but also their beliefs, attitudes, and social environment.

This model moves away from approaches that strictly enforce behavior changes through guidelines or emphasize knowledge acquisition in isolation. Rather, it encourages individuals to take an active role in their health, recognizing that personal choices and behaviors are critical to achieving health outcomes. By understanding the individual’s context and supporting their intrinsic motivations, healthcare providers can foster sustained health-promoting behaviors more effectively.