According to Johnson's Behavioral System Model, what does the concept of environment encompass?

In Johnson's Behavioral System Model, the concept of environment is comprehensive, encompassing both internal and external environments. This perspective recognizes that an individual's behavior is influenced not only by their immediate physical surroundings—such as home, community, and nature—but also by their internal state, including psychological, emotional, and physiological conditions.

The integration of these two domains is crucial. The internal environment allows for the assessment of an individual's mental and emotional health, which directly affects how they interact with the external world. Conversely, the external environment includes all external stimuli and social contexts that can influence behavior and well-being. By understanding that both environments interact to shape an individual's behavior, nurses and healthcare professionals can provide more holistic care that addresses all aspects of a person's life. This approach enables effective interventions that consider the individual as a whole, rather than isolating factors.